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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 智能告警系统
import asyncio
import aioredis
import logging
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from typing import Dict, List, Optional
from dataclasses import dataclass
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MimeText
from email.mime.multipart import MimeMultipart
@dataclass
class AlertRule:
name: str
metric: str
condition: str
threshold: float
duration: int # seconds
severity: str # critical, warning, info
description: str
class IntelligentAlerting:
def __init__(self, redis_url: str):
self.redis = aioredis.from_url(redis_url)
self.alert_rules = self._load_alert_rules()
self.notification_channels = self._setup_notification_channels()
def _load_alert_rules(self) -> List[AlertRule]:
"""加载告警规则"""
return [
AlertRule(
name="high_cpu_usage",
metric="cpu_usage_percent",
condition=">",
threshold=80.0,
duration=300, # 5分钟
severity="warning",
description="CPU使用率持续超过80%"
),
AlertRule(
name="critical_cpu_usage",
metric="cpu_usage_percent",
condition=">",
threshold=95.0,
duration=120, # 2分钟
severity="critical",
description="CPU使用率持续超过95%"
),
AlertRule(
name="high_memory_usage",
metric="memory_usage_percent",
condition=">",
threshold=85.0,
duration=300,
severity="warning",
description="内存使用率持续超过85%"
),
AlertRule(
name="service_down",
metric="service_health",
condition="==",
threshold=0.0,
duration=60,
severity="critical",
description="服务不可用"
)
]
async def evaluate_alerts(self):
"""评估告警规则"""
for rule in self.alert_rules:
try:
# 获取指标数据
metric_value = await self._get_metric_value(rule.metric)
# 检查是否触发告警
if self._evaluate_condition(metric_value, rule.condition, rule.threshold):
await self._check_alert_duration(rule, metric_value)
else:
# 清除告警状态
await self._clear_alert(rule)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"评估告警规则失败 {rule.name}: {e}")
async def _get_metric_value(self, metric: str) -> float:
"""获取指标值"""
# 这里应该连接Prometheus或其他监控系统
# 简化示例，直接从Redis获取
value = await self.redis.get(f"metric:{metric}")
return float(value) if value else 0.0
def _evaluate_condition(self, value: float, condition: str, threshold: float) -> bool:
"""评估条件"""
if condition == ">":
return value > threshold
elif condition == ">=":
return value >= threshold
elif condition == "<":
return value < threshold
elif condition == "<=":
return value <= threshold
elif condition == "==":
return value == threshold
elif condition == "!=":
return value != threshold
return False
async def _check_alert_duration(self, rule: AlertRule, metric_value: float):
"""检查告警持续时间"""
alert_key = f"alert:{rule.name}"
# 检查是否已经有告警
existing_alert = await self.redis.get(alert_key)
if existing_alert:
# 告警已存在，检查是否需要升级
alert_data = eval(existing_alert.decode())
if alert_data['severity'] != rule.severity:
await self._update_alert_severity(rule, alert_data)
else:
# 新告警，记录开始时间
alert_data = {
'start_time': datetime.now().isoformat(),
'metric_value': metric_value,
'severity': rule.severity,
'triggered_at': datetime.now().isoformat()
}
await self.redis.setex(
alert_key,
rule.duration + 300, # 额外5分钟缓冲
str(alert_data)
)
# 检查是否达到持续时间阈值
if rule.duration == 0: # 立即告警
await self._trigger_alert(rule, metric_value)
else:
# 启动定时检查
asyncio.create_task(self._check_alert_duration_async(rule, metric_value, rule.duration))
async def _check_alert_duration_async(self, rule: AlertRule, metric_value: float, duration: int):
"""异步检查告警持续时间"""
await asyncio.sleep(duration)
# 再次检查指标值
current_value = await self._get_metric_value(rule.metric)
if self._evaluate_condition(current_value, rule.condition, rule.threshold):
await self._trigger_alert(rule, current_value)
async def _trigger_alert(self, rule: AlertRule, metric_value: float):
"""触发告警"""
alert_data = {
'name': rule.name,
'metric': rule.metric,
'value': metric_value,
'threshold': rule.threshold,
'condition': rule.condition,
'severity': rule.severity,
'description': rule.description,
'triggered_at': datetime.now().isoformat()
}
# 记录告警
await self.redis.lpush("active_alerts", str(alert_data))
# 发送通知
await self._send_notifications(rule, alert_data)
logging.warning(f"告警触发: {rule.name} - {rule.description}")
async def _send_notifications(self, rule: AlertRule, alert_data: Dict):
"""发送告警通知"""
for channel in self.notification_channels:
try:
if channel['type'] == 'email':
await self._send_email_alert(rule, alert_data, channel)
elif channel['type'] == 'slack':
await self._send_slack_alert(rule, alert_data, channel)
elif channel['type'] == 'webhook':
await self._send_webhook_alert(rule, alert_data, channel)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"发送告警通知失败: {e}")
async def _send_email_alert(self, rule: AlertRule, alert_data: Dict, channel: Dict):
"""发送邮件告警"""
msg = MimeMultipart()
msg['From'] = channel['from']
msg['To'] = ', '.join(channel['to'])
msg['Subject'] = f"[{rule.severity.upper()}] {rule.name}"
body = f"""
告警详情：
告警名称：{rule.name}
告警级别：{rule.severity}
告警描述：{rule.description}
指标名称：{rule.metric}
当前值：{alert_data['value']}
阈值：{rule.threshold} {rule.condition}
触发时间：{alert_data['triggered_at']}
请及时处理！
"""
msg.attach(MimeText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
server = smtplib.SMTP(channel['smtp_server'], channel['smtp_port'])
server.starttls()
server.login(channel['username'], channel['password'])
server.send_message(msg)
server.quit()
# 主程序
async def main():
alerting = IntelligentAlerting("redis://localhost:6379")
# 启动告警评估循环
while True:
await alerting.evaluate_alerts()
await asyncio.sleep(30) # 每30秒评估一次
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())
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